Agriculture
Agriculture,
its importance in national economy. Factors determining agroecological
zones and geographic distribution of crop plants.
Importance
of crop plants, cultural practices for cereal, pulses, oilseed, fibre,
sugar, tuber and fodder crops and scientific basis for these crop
rotations, multiple and relay cropping, intercropping and mixed
cropping.
Soil as medium of plant growth
and its composition, mineral and organic constituents of the soil and
their role in crop production; chemical, physical and microbiological
properties of soils. Essential plant nutrients (macro and micro)–their
functions, occurrence, cycling in soils Principles of soil fertility
and its evaluation for judicious fertilizer use. Organic manures and
bio-fertilizers, inorganic fertilizers, integrated nutrient management.
Principles of plant physiology with reference to plant nutrition, absorption, transactions, and metabolism of nutrients.
Diagnosis
of nutrient deficiencies and their amelioration photosynthesis and
respiration, growth and development, auxins and hormones in plant
growth.
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Cell
and cell organelles. Cell division. Reproductive cycle, Principles of
genetics, gene-interaction, sex determination, linkage and
recombination, mutation, extra chromosomal inheritance, polyploidy.
Origin and domestication of crop plants. Genetic resources-conservation
and utilization. Floral biology in relation to selfing and crossing.
Genetic
basis of plant breeding pureline selection, mass selection, male
sterility and incompatibility and their use in plant breeding. Pedigree
selection, back-cross method of selection. Heterosis and its
exploitation. Development of hybrids, composites and synthetic,
Important varieties, hybrids, composites and synthetic of major crops.
Seeds and seed-production techniques.
Important
fruit and vegetable crops of India, method of propagation–Sexual and
asexual. Package and practices and their scientific basis. Crop
rotation, intercropping, companion crops, role of fruits and vegetables
in human nutrition, post-harvest handling and processing of fruits and
vegetables. Landscaping and ornamental horticulture, commercial
floriculture. Medicinal and aromatic plants. Serious pests and diseases
affecting major crops.
Principles of
control of crop pests and diseases, integrated management. Proper use
and maintenance of plant protection equipment.
Principles
of economics as applied to agriculture. Farm planning and optimum
resource–use efficiency and maximising income and employment. Farm
systems and their spatial distribution, their significant roles in
regional economic development. |
Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Science
1. General:
Role of Livestock in Indian Economy and human health. Mixed farming.
Agroclimatic zones and livestock distribution. Socioeconomic aspects of
livestock enterprise with special reference to women.
2. Genetics and Breeding:
Principle of genetics, chemical nature of DNA and RNA and their models
and functions. Recombinant DNA technology, transgenic animals, multiple
ovulation and embryo-transfer. Cytogenetics, immunogenetics and
biochemical polymorphic and their application in animal improvement.
Gene actions. Systems and strategies for improvement of livestock for
milk, meat, wool production and drought and poultry for eggs and meat.
Breeding of animals for disease resistance. Breeds of livestock,
poultry and rabbits.
3. Nutrition:
Role of nutrition in animal health and production. Classification of
feeds, Proximate composition of feeds, feeding standards, computation
of rations. Ruminant nutrition. Concepts of total digestible nutrients
and starch equivalent systems. Significance of energy determinations.
Conservation of feeds and fodder and utilization of agro by-products.
Feed supplements and additives. Nutrition deficiencies and their
management.
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4. Management:
Systems of housing and management of livestock, poultry and rabbits.
Farm record. Economics of livestock, poultry and rabbit farming. Clean
milk production. Veterinary hygiene with reference to water, air and
habitation. Sources of water and standards of potable water.
Purification of water. Air changes and thermal comfort. Drainage
systems and effluent disposal. Biogas.
5. Animal Production:
Artificial
insemination, fertility and sterility. Reproductive physiology, semen
charcteris-tics and preservation. Sterility its causes and remedies. Meat
eggs and wool production. Methods of slaughter of meat animals, meat
inspection, judgement, carcass characteristics, adulteration and its
detection processing and preservation.; Meat products, quality control
and nutritive value, By-products. Physiology of egg production,
nutritive value, grading of eggs preservation and marketing.
Types of wool, grading and marketing.
6. Veterinary Science :
Major
contagious diseases affecting cattle, buffaloes, horses, sheep and
goats, pigs, poultry, rabbits and pet animals-Etiology, symptoms,
pathogenicity, diagnosis, treatment and control of major bacterial,
viral, rickettsial and parasitic infections. Description, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of the following :— Production diseases of milch animals, pig and poultry. Deficiency diseases of domestic livestock and birds. Poisonings due to infected/contaminated foods and feeds, chemicals and drugs.
7.
Principles of immunization and vaccination : Different types of
immunity, antigens and antibodies. Methods of immunization. Breakdown
of immunity, Vaccines and their use in animals.
Zoonoses, Foodborne infections and intoxications, occupation hazards
8.
Poisons used for killing animals euthanesia. Drugs used for increasing production/performance efficiency, and their adverse effects. Drugs used to tranquilize wild animals as well as animals in captivity. Quarantine measures in India and abroad. Act, Rules and Regulations.
9. Dairy Science : Physicochemical and nutritional properties of milk.
Quality
assessment of milk and milk products, Common tests and legal standards.
Cleaning and sanitation of dairy equipment. Milk collections, chilling,
transportation processing, packaging, storage and distribution.
Manufacture of market milk, cream butter, cheese, ice-cream, condensed
and dried milk, by products and Indian Milk products.
Unit operations in dairy plant.
Role of micro organisam in quality of milk and products physiology of milk secretion. |
Botany
1.
Cell Biology : Structure and function of cell wall (extracellular
matrix or ECM), cell membrane and cell organelles. Nucleus, nucleolus,
nuclear pore complex (NPC), chromosome and nucleosome. Mitosis,
meiosis, molecular control involving checkpoints in cell division
cycle. Differentiation, cellular senescence.
2.
Genetics, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology : Laws of inheritance.
Concept of gene and allelomorph. Linkage, crossing over and gene
mapping. Structural and numerical changes in chromosomes and gene
mutations. Sex determination and differentiation. Structure and
synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins. Genetic code. Regulation of
gene expression.
Genetic engineering
and crop improvement. Protoplast, cell, tissue and organ cultures.
Somatic hybridization. Biofertilizers and biopesticides. Biotechnology
in agri-horticulture, medicine and industry.
3. Tissue Systems : Origin, development, structure and function of primary and secondary tissues.
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4.
Plant Diversity and Systematics : Structure and function of plant forms
from evolutionary aspects (viruses to Angiosperms including fossils).
Principles of nomenclature, classification and identification of
plants. Modern approaches in plant taxonomy.
Recent classification of living organism into three groups (bacteria, archaea and eukarya).
5.
Plant Physiology: Water relations. Mineral nutrition. Photosynthesis.
Respiration. Nitrogen metabolism. Enzymes and coenzymes. Dynamics of
growth, growth movements, growth substances, photomorphogenesis.
Secondary metabolites. Isotopes in biological studies. Physiology of
flowering.
6. Methods of Reproduction
and Seed Biology : Vegetative, asexual and sexual methods of
reproduction. Pollination and fertilization. Sexual incompatibility.
Development, structure, dormancy and germination of seed.
7.
Plant Pathology : Diseases of rice, wheat, sugarcane, potato, mustard,
groundnut and cotton crops. Factors affecting infection (host factors,
pathogen factors, biotic factors like rhizosphere and phyllosphere
organisms). Chemical, biological and genetic methods of disease control
(including transgenic plants).
8. Plant
and Environment : Biotic and abiotic components. Ecological adaptation.
Types of vegetational zones and forests of India. Deforestation,
afforestation, social forestry and plant introduction. Soil erosion,
wasteland, reclamation. Environmental pollution and its control
(including phytoremediation). Bioindicators. Global warming.
9.
Biodiversity, Plant Genetic Resources: Methods of conservation of plant
genetic resources and its importance. Convention of Biological
Diversity (CBD). Endangered, threatened and endemic taxa. Role of
cell/tissue culture in propagation and enrichment of genetic diversity.
Plants as sources of food, fodder,
forage, fibres, oils, drugs, wood and timber, paper, rubber, beverages,
spices, essential oils and resins, gums, dyes, insecticides, pesticides
and ornamentation. Biomass as a source of energy.
10.
Origin of Life and Evolution: Basic concepts of origin of earth and
origin of life. Theories of organic evolution, molecular basis of
evolution.
Civil Engineering
Part-A
1. Engineering Mechanics :
Units and Dimensions, SI Units, Vectors, Concept of Force, Concept of
particle and rigid body. Concurrent, nonconcurrent and parallel forces
in a plane, moment of force and Varignon's theorem, free body diagram,
conditions of equilibrium, Principle of virtual work, equivalent force
system.
First and Second Moments of area, Mass moment of Inertia.
Static Friction Inclined plane and bearings.
Kinematics and Kinetics :
Kinematics in cartesian and polar co-ordinates, motion under uniform
and nonuniform acceleration, motion under gravity. Kinetics of particle
: Momentum and Energy principles, D `Alembert's Principle, Collision of
elastic bodies, rotation of rigid bodies, simple harmonic motion.
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2. Strength of Materials :
Simple Stress and Strain, Elastic constants, axially loaded compression
members, Shear force and bending moment, theory of simple bending,
Shear Stress distribution across cross sections, Beams of uniform
strength, Leaf spring, Strain Energy in direct stress, bending and
shear.
Deflection of beams :
Macaulay's method, Mohr's moment area method, Conjugate beam method,
unit load method. Torsion of Shafts, Transmission of power, closecoiled
helical springs, Elastic stability of columns : Euler's, Rankine's and
Secant formulae. Principal Stresses and Strains in two dimensions,
Mohr's Circle. Theories of Elastic Failure, Thin and Thick cylinders :
Stresses due to internal and external pressures-Lame's equation.
3. Structural Analysis :
Analysis of pin jointed plane trusses, deflection in trusses. Three
hinged and two hinged arches, rib shortening, temperature effects,
influence lines in arches. Analysis of propped cantilevers, fixed
beams, continuous beams and rigid frames. Slope deflection, moment
distribution,, Kani's method and Matrix method : Force and Displacement
methods. Rolling loads and influece lines for determinate beams and pin
jointed trusses.
Part-B
Geotechnical Engineering:
Types of soil, field identification and classification, phase
relationships, consistency limits, particle size distribution,
classification of soil, structure and clay mineralogy.
Capillary
water and structural water, effective stress and pore water pressure,
Darcy's Law, factors affecting permeability, determination of
permeability, permeability of stratified soil deposits.
Seepage
pressure, quick sand condition, compressibility and consolidation,
Terzaghi's theory of one dimensional consolidation, consolidation test.
Compaction of soil, optimum moisture content, Proctor Density.
Subsurface exploration, methods of boring, sampling, types of sampler, field tests.
Shear
strength of soils, Mohr-Coulomb failure theory, shear tests Earth
pressure at rest, active and passive pressures, Rankine's theory,
Coulomb's wedge theory, earth pressure on retaining wall.
Bearing capacity, Terzaghi and other important theories, net and gross bearing pressure, Immediate and consolidation settlement.
Load carrying capacity of pile groups.
Stability of slope-Conventional method of slices, stability numbers.
Transporation Engineering :
Highway alignment, choice of layout and capacity of highways, location
survey, geometric design of highways-various elements, curves, grade
separation and segregation of traffic, intersection design, highway
materials and testing subgrade and pavement components, types of
pavements, road drainage, elements of airport engineering.
Railway
engineering-elements of permanent track-rails, sleepers, ballast and
rail fastenings, tractive resistance, elements of geometric
design-gradients and grade compensation on curves, cant transition
curves and vertical curves, stresses in railway tracks, points and
crossings, signalling and interlocking, maintenance of railway track.
Culverts and small bridges.
Part-C
Fluid Mechanics: fluid properties, fluid statics, forces on plane and curved surfaces, stability of floating and submerged bodies.
Kinematics:
Velocity, streamlines, continuity equation, accelerations irrotational
and rotational flow, velocity potential and stream functions, flownet,
separation.
>Dynamics:
Euler's equation along streamline, control volume equation, continuity,
momentum, energy and moment of momentum equation from control volume
equation, applications to pipe flow, moving vanes, moment of momentum,
Dimensional analysis.
Boundary layer on
a flat plate, drag and lift on bodies. Laminar and Turbulent Flows.
Laminar and turbulent flow through pipes, friction factor variation,
pipe networks, water hammer, and surge tanks.
Open Channel Flow:
Energy and momentum correction factors, uniform and non-uniform flows,
specific energy and specific force, critical depth, Friction factors
and roughness coefficients, flow in transitions, free overfall, weirs,
hydraulic jump, surges, gradually varied flow equations, surface
profiles, moving hydraulic jump.
Part-D
Environmental Engineering
Water Supply:
Estimation of surface and subsurface water resources, predicting demand
for water, impurities of water and their significance, physical,
chemical and bacteriological analysis, water borne diseases, standards
for potable water.
Intake of water:
pumping and gravity schemes, water treatment: principles of
coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation; slow-, rapid-, pressure-,
filters; chlorination, softening, removal of taste, odour and salinity.
Water
storage and distribution: storage and balancing reservoir types,
location and capacity. Distribution systems: layout, hydraulics of pipe
lines, pipe fittings, valves including check and pressure reducing
valves, meters, analysis of distribution systems, leak detection,
maintenance of distribution systems, pumping stations and their
operations.
Sewerage systems:
Domestic and industrial wastes, storm sewage-separate and combined
systems, flow through sewers, design of sewers, sewer appurtenances,
manholes, inlets, juctions, siphon. Plumbing in Public buildings.
Sewage characterisation: BOD, COD, solids, dissloved oxygen, nitrogen and TOC. Standards of disposal in normal water course and on land.
Sewage treatment:
Working principles, units, chambers, sedimentation tank, trickling
filters, oxidation ponds, activated sludge process, septic tank,
disposal of sludge, recycling of waste water.
Construction Management :
Elements and principles of Activity on Arrow (AOA) and Activity on Node
(AON) networks and work breakdown structure. Interfaces. Ladder
networks. Activity time. Time computations and floats. ATC and PTC
trade-off. Work study and sampling. Scheduling principles-material
schedules. ABC and EOQ analysis of inventory. Budgeting with barcharts.
Working capital. PERT, probability of completion.
Elements
of Engineering Economics, methods of appraisal, present worth, annual
cost, benefit-cost, incremental analysis. Economy of scale and size.
Choosing between alternatives including levels of investments. Project
profitability. |
Commerce & Accountancy
Part-I
Accounting and Auditing:
Accounting
Nature, Scope and Objectives of Accounting-Accounting as an Information System-Users of Accounting Information.
Generally
Accepted Principles of Accounting-The Accounting Equation-Accrual
Concept-Other concepts and conventions, Distinction between capital and
revenue expenditure. Accounting Standards and their
application-Accounting standards relating to fixed assets,
depreciation, inventory, recognition of revenue. Final Accounts of Sole Proprietors,
Partnership Firms and Limited Companies-Statutory Provisions -Reserves,
Provisions and Funds. Final Accounts of non profit organisation.
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Accounting problems related to admission and retirement of a partner and dissolution of a firm.
Accounting for Shares and Debentures- Accounting Treatment of Convertible Debentures.
Analysis
and Interpretation of Financial Statements Ratio analysis and
interpretation. Ratios relation to short term liquidity, long term
solvency and profitability-Importance of the rate of return on
investment (ROI) in evaluating the overall performance of a business
entity-Cash-flow Statement and Statement of Source and Application of
Funds-Societal obligations of Accounting. Auditing
Nature, objectives and basic principles of auditing. Techniques of Auditing-physical verification, examination of documents and vouching, direct confirmation, analytical review. Planning an audit, audit programmes, working papers, audit process. Evaluation of internal controls. Test checking and sampling. Broad outlines of company audit. Audit of non-corporate enterprises. Internal and management audit.
Part-II
Business Organisation
Distinctive features of different forms of business organisation.
Sole Proprietor
Partnerships-characteristics, Registration, Partnership deed, Rights and duties, Retirement, Dissolution.
Joint Stock Company-Concept, characteristics, types.
Cooperative and State ownership forms of organizations.
Types of securities and methods of their issue.
Economic functions of the capital market, stock exchanges, Mutual Funds. Control and regulation of capital market.
Business
combinations; control of Monopolies. Problems of modernisation of
industrial enterprises. Social Responsibility of business.
Foreign Trade-Procedure and financing of import and export trade. Incentives for export promotion. Financing of foreign trade.
Insurance-Principles and practice of Life, Fire, Marine and General Insurance.
Management
Managemet
functions-Planning-strategies, Organising-levels of authority Staffing,
Line function and staff function, Leadership, Communication,
Motivation, Directing-Principles, Strategies.
Coordination-Concept, types, methods.
Control-principles, performance standards, corrective action. Salary and wage administration-Job evaluation.
Organisation
Structure-Centralization and decentralization-Delegation of
authority-span of control-Management by Objectives and Management by
Exception.
Management of change; Crisis Management.
Office
Management-scope and principles; systems and routines; handling of
records- modern aids to Office management; office equipment and
machines; Automation and Personal computers.
Impact of Organisation and Methods (O & M)
Company Law
Joint stock companies-incorporation; documents and formalities-Doctrine of indoor management and constructive notice.
Duties and powers of the board of directors of a company.
Accounts and Audit of Companies.
Company Secretary-role and functions-qualifications for appointment. |
Economics
Part-I
General Economics
1) Micro-economics :
(a) Production : Agents of Production; Costs and Supply; Isoquants (b)
Consumption and Demand; Elasticity concept (c) Market Structure and
concepts of equilibrium; (d) Determination of prices; (e) Components
and Theories of Distribution (f) Elementary concepts of Welfare
economics : Pareto-optimality-Private and social products-consumers
surplus.
2) Macro-economics :
(a) National Income concepts; (b) Determinants of National Income
Employment (c) Determinants of consumption, savings and Investment (d)
Rate of Interest and its determination (e) Interest and profit.
3) Money, Banking and Public Finance :
(a) Concepts of Money and measures of money supply; velocity of money
(b) Banks and credit creation; Banks and portfolio management. (c)
Central Bank and control over money supply (d) Determination of the
price level. (e) Inflation, its causes and remedies. (f) Public,
Finance-Budgets-Taxes and non-tax revenues-Types of Budget deficits.
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4) International Economics :
Theories of International Trade-comparative costs-Heckscher-Ohlin-Gains from Trade-Terms of Trade. Free Trade and Protection. Balance of Payments accounts and Adjustment. Exchange rate under free exchange markets. Evolution of the International Monetary System and World Trading order-Gold Standard-the Brettonwoods system.
IMF and the World Bank and their associates.
Floating rates-GATT and WTO
(5) Growth and Development :
(a) Meaning and measurement of growth; Growth, distribution and
Welfare; (b) Characteristics of underdevelopment; (c) Stages of
Development; (d) Sources of growth-capital, Human capital, population,
productivity, Trade and aid, non-economic factors; growth Strategies,
(e) Planning in a mixed economy-Indicative planning-Planning and growth.
(6) Economic Statistics : Types of averages-measures of dispersion-correlation-Index numbers; types, uses and limitations.
Part-II
Indian Economics
1.
Main features; Geographic size-Endowment of natural resources,
Population; size, composition quality and growth trend-Occupational
distribution-Effects of British Rule with reference to Drain theory and
Laissez Faire policy.
2. Major problems,
their dimensions, nature and broad causes; Mass poverty-Unemployment
and its types-Economics effects of population pressure-Inequality and
types thereof-Low productivity and low per capita income, Rural-urban
disparities-Foreign Trade and payments imbalances. Balance of Payments
and External Debt- Inflation, and parallel economy and its
effects-Fiscal deficit.
3. Growth in
income and employment since Independence-Rate, Pattern, Sectoral
trends-Distributional Changes-Regional disparities.
4. Economic Planning in India :
Major controversies on planning in India-Alternative strategies-goals
and achievements, shortfalls of different plans-planning and the Market.
5. Broad Fiscal, monetary, industrial trade and agricultural policies-objectives, rationale, constraints and effects. |
Electrical Engineering
Electrical Circuits-Theory and Applications
Circuit
components, network graphs, KCL, KVL; circuit analysis methods : nodal
analysis, mesh analysis; basic network theorems and applications;
transient analysis : RL, RC and RLC circuits; sinusoidal steady state
analysis; resonant circuits and applications; coupled circuits and
applications; balanced 3-phase circuits. Two port networks, driving
point and transfer functions; poles and zeros of network functions.
Signals & Systems
Representation
of continuous-time and discrete-time signals & system's ; LTI
systems; convolution; impulse response; time-domain analysis of LTI
systems based on convolution and differential/difference equations.
Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform, Transfer function.
Sampling and recovery of signals.
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Control Systems
Elements
of control systems; block-diagram representations; open-loop &
closed-loop systems; principles and applications of feed-back. LTI
systems : time domain and transform domain analysis. Stability : Routh
Hurwitz criterion, root-loci, Nyquist's criterion. Bode-plots, Design
of lead-lag compensators; Proportional, PI, PID controllers.
E.M. Theory
Electro-static
and magneto-static fields; Maxwell's equations; e.m. waves and wave
equations; wave propagation and antennas; transmission lines;
micro-wave resonators, cavities and wave guides.
Electrical Engineering Materials
Electrical/electronic
behaviour of materials : conductivity; free-electrons and band-theory;
intrinsic and extrinsic semi-conductor, p-n junction; solar cells,
super-conductivity. Dielectric behaviour of materials : polarization
phenomena; piezo-electric phenomena. Magnetic materials: behaviour and
application.
Analog Electronics
Diode
circuits: rectifiers filters, clipping and clamping, zener diode and
voltage regulation. Bipolar and field effect transistors (BJT, JFET and
MOSFET) : Characteristics, biasing and small signal equivalent
circuits. Basic amplifier circuits; differential amplifier circuits.
Amplifiers : analysis, frequency response. Principles of feedback;
OPAMP circuits; filters; oscillators.
Digital Electronics
Boolean
algebra; minimisation of Boolean function; logic gates, digital IC
families (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS). Combinational circuits :
arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers and decoder's.
Sequential circuits : latches and flip-flops, counters and
shift-registers. Comparators, timers, multivibrators. Sample and hold
circuits; ADCs and DACs. Semiconductor memories.
Communication Systems
Fourier
analysis of signals : amplitude, phase and power spectrum,
auto-correlation and cross-correlation and their Fourier transforms.
Analog modulation systems : amplitude and angle modulation and
demodulation systems, spectral analysis; superheterodyne receivers.
Pulse code modulation (PCM), differential PCM, delta modulation.
Digital modulation schemes : amplitude, phase and frequency shift
keying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK). Multiplexing : time-division,
frequency-division. Additive Gaussian noise : characterization using
correlation, probability density function, power spectral density,
Signal-to-noise ratio calculations for AM and FM. Elements of digital
communication systems : source coding, channel coding; digital
modulation & demodulation. Elements of Information theory, channel
capacity. Elements of satellite and mobile communication; principles of
television engineering; radar engineering and radio aids to navigation.
Computers and Microprocessors
Computer
organization : number representation and arithmetic, functional
organization, machine instructions, addressing modes, ALU, hardwired
and microprogrammed control, memory organization. Elements of
microprocessors : 8-bit microprocessors -architecture, instruction set,
assembly level programming, memory, I/O interfacing, microcontrollers
and applications.
Measurement and Instrumentation
Error
analysis; measurement of current voltage, power, energy, power-factor,
resistance, inductance, capacitance and frequency; bridge measurements.
Electronic measuring instruments: multimeter, CRO, digital voltmeter,
frequency counter, Q-meter, spectrum-analyser, distortion-meter.
Transducers: thermocouple, thermistor, LVDT, strain-guages,
piezo-electric crystal. Use of transducers in measurement of
non-electrical quantities. Data-acquisition systems.
Energy Conversion
Single-phase
transformer : equivalent circuit, phasor-diagram, tests, regulation and
efficiency; three-phase transformer; auto transformer. Principles of
energy conversion-d.c. generators and motors: Performers
characteristics, starting and speed control armature reaction and
commutation; three-phase induction motor; performance characteristics,
starting and speed control. Single-phase induction motor. Synchronous
generators: performance characteristics, regulation, parallel
operation. Synchronous motors: starting characteristics, applications;
synchronous condensor. FHP motors, permanent magnet and stepper motors,
brushless d.c. motors, single-phase motors.
Power Systems
Electric
power generation : thermal, hydro, nuclear. Transmission line
parameters: steady-state performance of overhead transmission lines and
cables. Distribution systems : insulators, bundle conductors, corona
and radio interference effects; per-unit quantities; bus admittance and
impedance matrices; load flow; voltage control and power factor
correction. Economic operation. Principles of over current,
differential and distance protection; solid state relays, circuit
breakers, concept of system stability. HVDC transmission.
Power Electronics and Electric Drives
Semiconductor
power devices : diode, transistor, thyristor, triac, GTO and MOSFET,
static characteristics, principles of operation; triggering circuits;
phase controlled rectifiers; bridge converters-fully controlled and
half controlled; principles of thyristor chopper and inverter. Basic
concept of speed control of DC and AC motor drives.
Elements of IC Fabrication Technology
Overview
of IC Technolog. Unit steps used in IC fabrication : wafer cleaning,
photo-lithography, wet and dry etching, oxidation, diffusion,
ion-implantation, CVD and LPCVD techniques for deposition of
poly-silicon, silicon, silicon-pnitride and silicon dioxide;
metallisation and passivation.
General Studies
General Science:
- Current events of national and international importance
- History of India and Indian National Movement
- Indian and World Geography
- Indian Polity and Economy
- General Mental Ability
Questions
on General Science will cover general appreciation and understanding of
science including matters of everyday observation and experience, as
may be expected of a well educated person who has not made a special
study of any particular scientific discipline.
In
current events, knowledge of significant national and international
events will be tested. In History of India, emphasis will be on broad
general understanding of the subject in its social, economic and
political aspects.
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Questions
on the Indian National Movement will relate to the nature and character
of the nineteenth century resurgence, growth of nationalism and
attainment of Independence. In Geography, emphasis will be on Geography
of India.
Questions on the Geography
of India will relate to physical, social and economic Geography of the
country, including the main features of Indian agricultural and natural
resources.
Questions on Indian Polity
and Economy will test knowledge of the country’s political system and
Constitution of India, Panchayati Raj, Social Systems and economic
developments in India. On general mental ability, the candidates will
be tested on reasoning and analytical abilities. |
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Geography
Section-A
Physical Georgraphy
i) Geomorphology
ii) Climatology
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iii) Oceanography
iv) Biogeography
Section-B
Human Geography
i) Man and Environment Relationship
ii) Population
iii) Economic Activities
Food
gathering and hunting; pastoral herding; fishing and forestry; Types of
agriculture-shifting, subsistence, commercial and plantation; Mining,
Power; Manufacturing -locational factors of textile, iron and steel,
sugar and fertilizer industries; Tertiary activities-trade, transport,
communication and services.
iv) Settlements
Section-C
Geography of the World
Major Natural Regions : Characteristics, economic base and human adaptation. Regional Geography of Developed Countries : Canada, U.S.A., Western Europe, Russia, Japan, Australia and New Zealand. Regional Geography of Developing Countries : S.E. Asia, S.W. Asia, China, Southern Africa and Brazil. Regional Geography of South Asia.
Section-D
Geography of India
i) Physical Setting
ii) Economic Base
Minerals
& energy resources, aquatic resources, forest resources;
irrigation, agriculture and industries; trade and commerce.
iii) Population
iv) Environmental problems, developmental issues and regional planning.
Section-E
Geographical Thought
Ancient Period : Contributions of Indians, Greeks, Romans and Arabs. Pre-Modern Period : Contribution of Verenius, Kant, Humboldt and Ritter. Modern Period : Dichotomy of determinism and possibilism; contributions of Ratzel, Semple, Huntington and La Blache. Recent Period : Quantitive Revolution; Radicalism, Behaviouralism and Humanism.
Section-F
Techniques of Geographical Analysis
- Maps : Scale and types, uses.
- Diagrams : Types and uses
- Projections : Types, characteristics and uses.
Remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) : Aerial photographs and imagery, GIS.
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Geology
Part-I
(a) General Geology :
Solar
System. The Earth : its origin, age and internal constitution.
Volcanoes-types, distribution geological effects and products.
Earthquakes-intensity, magnitude, distribution, causes and effects.
Elementary ideas about isostasy, geosynclines, mountain building,
continental drift, sea floor spreading and plate tectonics.
(b) Geomorphology :
Basic
concepts. External and internal processes. Rock weathering. Cycle of
erosion. Fluvial landforms and drainage patterns. Landforms of aeolian,
marine, glacial and 'Karst' landscapes. Elements of Remote Sensing.
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(c) Structural and field Geology :
Primary
and secondary structures. Dip and strike of beds. Unconformities. Study
of folds, joints, faults, foliation and lineations. Overthrusts and
nappe structures. Stages of rock deformation. Construction of block
diagrams. Stereographic and equal-area nets. Solutions of simple
problems by stereographic net.
Topographic
maps and their interpretation. Use of clinometer compass in the field
Measurements of bed, foliation, folds joints, faults and lineations in
the field. Principles of geological mapping. Effects of topography on
outcrops. Drawing of sections.
Part-II
(a) Crystallography :
Properties
and interaction of light and crystalline matter. Petrological
microscope and accessories. Construction and use of Nicole prism.
Pleochroism, double refraction, extinction angle, birefringence and
twinning in crystals, Isotropic, uniaxial and biaxial minerals.
(b) Mineralogy :
Physical,
chemical and optical properties of the following common rock forming
minerals: quartz, feldspar, mica, pyroxene, amphibole, olivine, garnet,
chlorite, carbonates, aluminosilicates. Structure of silicates and
crystal chemistry of minerals. Gemstones.
(c) Economic Geology :
Ore,
ore mineral and gangue. Classification of ore deposits. Important
processes of their formation. Occurrence, origin and distribution in
India of the ores of aluminium, chromium, copper, gold, lead, zinc,
iron, manganese and radioactive elements. Deposits of minerals use as
abrasives, refractories and in ceramics, deposits of coal and
petroleum. Elements of prospecting for mineral deposits.
Part -III
(a) Igneous Petrology :
Origin
of magma and formation of igneous rocks. Bowen's reaction principle.
Crystallisation of binary systems. Classification of igneous rocks.
Textures and structures of igneous rocks. Composition, origin and mode
of occurrence of granite, syenite, diorite, mafic and ultramafic
groups, anorthosites and alkaline rocks.
(b) Sedimentary Petrology :
Sedimentary
process and products. Classification of sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary
structures. Residual deposits - their mode of formation, chacteristics
and types, Clastic deposits- their classification, mineral composition
and texture. Elementary ideas about the origin and characteristics of
quartz arenites, arkoses and graywackes. Siliceous and calcareous
deposits of chemical and organic origin.
(c) Metamorphic Petrology :
Types
and factors of metamorphism. Zones, grades and facies of metamorphism.
Regional and contact metamorphism. Textures and structures of
metamorphic rocks. Metamorphism of argillaceous, arenaceous, calcareous
and basic rocks. Metasomatism.
Part-IV
(a) Paleontology :
Habits
and habitats of animals. Fossils and fossilization. Modes of
preservation. Application of fossils, Study of morphology and
geological history of Foraminiferida, Brachipoda, Bivalvia, Gastropoda,
Cephalopoda, Trilobita, Echinoidea and Anthozoa.
(b) Stratigraphy and Geology of India :
Physiographic
divisions and outline of stratigraphy of India. Brief study of Dharwar,
Vindhyan and Gondwana Supergroups and Siwalik Group with reference to
their major subdivisions, lithology, fossils, areal distribution and
economic importance.
Indian History
Section-A
1. Prehistoric cultures in India
2.
Indus Civilization. Origins. The Mature Phase: extent, society, economy
and culture. Contacts with other cultures.Problems of decline.
3.
Geographical distribution and characteristics of pastoral and farming
communities outside the Indus region, from the neolithic to early iron
phases.
4. Vedic society. The Vedic
texts; changefrom Rigvedic to later Vedic phases. Religion; Upanishadic
thought. Political and social organisation; evolutuion of monarchy and
varna system.
5. State formation and
urbanization, from the mahajanapadas to the Nandas. Jainism and
Buddhism. Factors for the spread of Buddhism.
6.
The Mauryan Empire. Chandragupta; Megasthenes. Asoka and his
inscriptions; his dhamma, administration, culture and art. The
Arthasastra.
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7.
Post-Mauryan India, BC 200- AD 300. Society: Evolution of jatis. The
Satavahanas and state formation in Peninsula. Sangam texts and society.
Indo-Greeks, Sakas, Parthians, Kushanas; Kanishka. Contacts with the
outside world. Religion : Saivism, Bhagavatism, Hinayana and Mahayana
Buddhism; Jainism; Culture and art.
8.
The Guptas and their successors (to c. 750 AD). Changes in political
organisation of empire. Economy and society. Literature and science.
Arts.
Section-B
9.
Early Medieval India. Major dynasties; the Chola Empire. Agrarian and
political structures. The Rajaputras. Extent of social mobility.
Postition of women. The Arabs in Sind and the Ghaznavides.
10.
Cultural trends, 750-1200, Religious conditions : importance of temples
and monastic institutions; Sankaracharya; Islam; Sufism. Literature and
Science. Alberuni’s "India". Art and architecture.
11-12.
Thirteenth and fourteenth Centuries: Ghorian invasions causes and
consequences. Delhi Sultanate under the "Slave" Rulers. Alauddin Khalji
: Conquests; administrative, agrarian and economic measures. Muhammad
Tughlug's innovations. Firuz Tughluq and the decline of the Delhi
Sultanate. Growth of commerce and urbanization. Mystic movements in
Hinduism and Islam. Literature. Architecture, Technological changes.
13.
The fifteenth and early 16th Century : major Provinicial dynasties;
Vijaya-nagara Empire. The Lodis, First phase of the Mughal Empire:
Babur, Humayun. The Sur empire and administration. The Portuguese.
Montheistic movements: Kabir; Guru Nanak and Sikhism; Bhakti. Growth of regional literatures. Art and Culture.
14-15.
The Mughal Empire , 1556-1707. Akbar: conquests, administrative
measures, jagir and mansab systems; policy of sulh-i-kul. Jahangir,
Shahjahan and Aurangzeb : expansion in the Deccan; religious policies.
Shivaji.
Culture: Persian and regional literatures. Religious thought: Abul Fazl; Maharashtra dharma. Painting. Architecture.
Economy: conditions of peasants and artisans, growth in trade; commerce with Europe. Social stratification and status of women.
16.
Decline of Mughal Empire, 1707-61. Causes behind decline. Maratha power
under the Peshwas. Regional states. The Afghans. Major elements of
composite culture. Sawai Jai Singh, astronomer. Rise of Urdu language.
Section-C
17.
British expansion : The Carnatic Wars, Conquest of Bengal. Mysore and
its resitance to British expansion: The three Anglo-Maratha Wars. Early
structure of British raj: Regulating and Pitt's India Acts.
18.
Economic Impact of the British Raj : Drain of Wealth (Tribute); land
revenue settlements (zamindari, ryotwari, mahalwari);
Deindustrialisation; Railways and commercialisation of agriculture;
Growth of landless labour.
19. Cultural
encounter and social changes: Introduction of western education and
modern ideas. Indian Renaissance, social and religious reform
movements; growth of Indian middle class; The press and its impact:
rise of modern literature in Indian languages. Social reforms measures
before 1857.
20. Resistance to British rule : Early uprisings; The 1857 Revolt- causes, nature, course and consequences.
21.
Indian Freedom struggle-the first phase: Growth of national
consciousness; Formation of Associations; Establishment of the Indian
National Congress and its Moderate phase;- Economic Nationalism;
Swadeshi Movement; The growth of "Extremism" and the 1907 split in
Congress; The Act of 1909 - the policy of Divide and Rule;
Congress-League Pact of 1916.
22. Gandhi
and his thought; Gandhian techniques of mass mobilisation- Khilafat and
Non Cooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience and Quit India Movement;
Other strands in the National Movement-Revolutionaries, the Left,
Subhas Chandra Bose and the Indian National Army.
23.
Separatist Trends in Indian nationalist politics- the Muslim League and
the Hindu Mahasabha; The post -1945 developments; Partition and
Independence.
24. India independent to
1964. A parliamentary, secular, democratic (republic the 1950
Constitution). Jawaharlal Nehru's vision of a developed, socialist
society. Planning and state-controlled industrialization. Agrarian
reforms. Foreign policy of Non-alignment. Border conflict with China
and Chinese aggression. |
Law
I Jurisprudence
Nature and concept of law. Schools of Jurisprudence : Analytical, Historical, Philosophical, Sociological & Natural. Administration of Justice : Theories of punishment. Sources of Law : Custom, Precedent and Legislation. A few basic Legal concepts: - Rights and Duties.
- Legal Personality.
- Ownership and Possession.
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II Constitutional Law of India
Salient features of the Indian Constitution. Preamble. Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles and Fundamental Duties. Constitutional position and powers of President and Governors. Supreme Court and High Courts: Jurisdiction, powers, appointment and transfer of Judges. Union Public Service Commission and State Public Service Commissions: Powers and functions. Distribution of Legislative and Administrative Powers between the Union and the States. Emergency Provisions. Amendment of the Consstitution.
III International Law :
Nature and definition of International Law. Sources: Treaty, Custom, General Principles of Law recognised by civilised nations and subsidiary means of determination of law. State Recognition and State Succession. The
United Nations, its objective, purpose and principal organs;
Constitution, role and jurisdiction of International Court of Justice. Protection of Human Rights: - Provisions in the UN Charter.
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948.
- International Convenant of Civil and Political Rights, 1966.
International Convenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1966.
IV Torts :
Nature and Defination of Tort. Liability based on fault and strict liability. Vicarious Liability including State Liability. Joint Tort feasors. Negligence. Defamation. Conspiracy Nuisance. False imprisonment. Malicious Prosecution.
V Criminal Law :
General Principles of criminal liability: Mens rea and actus reus. Preparation and criminal attempts General Exceptions. Joint and constructive liability. Abetment Criminal Conspiracy. Sedition. Murder and culpable homicide. Theft, extortion, robbery and dacoity. Misappropriation and Criminal Breach of Trust.
VI Law of Contract :
Definition of contract. Basic elements of contract: Offer, acceptance, consideration, contracutal capacity. Factors vitiating consent. Void, Voidable, illegal and unenforceable agreements. Wagering agreements. Contingent contracts. Performance of contracts. Dissolution of contractual obligations: frustration contracts. Quasi-contracts. Remedies for breach of contract.
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Mathematics
1. Algebra :
Elements
of Set Theory; Algebra of Real and Complex numbers including Demovire's
theorem; Polynomials and Polynomial equations, relation between
Coefficients and Roots, symmetric functions of roots; Elements of Group
Theory; Sub-Group, Cyclic groups, Permutation, Groups and their
elementary properties. Rings, Integral Domains and Fields and their elementary properties.
2. Vector Spaces and Matrices :
Vector
Space, Linear Dependence and Independence. Sub-spaces. Basis and
Dimensions, Finite Dimensional Vector Spaces. Linear Transformation of
a Finite Dimensional Vector Space, Matrix Representation. Singular and
Nonsingular Transformations. Rank and Nullity.
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Matrices
: Addition, Multiplication, Determinants of a Matrix, Properties of
Determinants of order, Inverse of a Matrix, Cramer's rule.
3. Geometry and Vectors :
Analytic
Geometry of straight lines and conics in Cartesian and Polar
coordinates; Three Dimensional geometry for planes, straight lines,
sphere, cone and cylinder. Addition, Subtraction and Products of
Vectors and Simple applications to Geometry.
4. Calculus :
Functions, Sequences, Series, Limits, Continuity, Derivatives. Application
of Derivatives : Rates of change, Tangents, Normals, Maxima, Minima,
Rolle's Theorem, Mean Value Theorems of Lagrange and Cauchy,
Asymptotes, Curvature. Methods of finding indefinite integrals,
Definite Integrals, Fundamental Theorem of integrals Calculus.
Application of definite integrals to area, Length of a plane curve,
Volume and Surfaces of revolution.
5. Ordinary Differential Equations :
Order
and Degree of a Differential Equation, First order differential
Equations, Singular solution, Geometrical interpretation, Second order
equations with constant coefficients.
6. Mechanics :
Concepts
of particles-Lamina; Rigid Body; Displacements; force; Mass; weight;
Motion; Velocity; Speed; Acceleration; Parallelogram of forces;
Parallelogram of velocity, acceleration; resultant; equilibrium of
coplanar forces; Moments; Couples; Friction; Centre of mass, Gravity;
Laws of motion; Motion of a particle in a straight line; simple
Harmonic Motion; Motion under conservative forces; Motion under
gravity; Projectile; Escape velocity; Motion of artificial satellites.
7. Elements of Computer Programming :
Binary
system, Octal and Hexadecimal systems. Conversion to and from Decimal
systems. Codes, Bits, Bytes and Words. Memory of a computer, Arithmetic
and Logical operations on numbers. Precisions. AND, OR, XOR, NOT and
Shit/Rotate operators, Algorithms and Flow Charts.
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Mechanical Engineering
Statics :
Dynamics :
Theory of Machines :
Simple examples of kinematic chains and their inversions.
Different types of gears, bearings, governors, flywheels and their functions. Static and dynamic balancing of rigid rotors. Simple vibration analysis of bars and shafts. Linear automatic control systems.
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Mechanics of Solids :
Stress,
strain and Hookes Law. Shear and bending moments in beams. Simple
bending and torsion of beams, springs and thin walled cylinders.
Elementary concepts of elastic stability, mechanical properties and
material testing.
Manufacturing Science :
Mechanics
of metal cutting, tool life, economics of machining, cutting tool
materials. Basic types of machine tool and their processes. Automatic
machine tools, transfer lines. Metal forming processes and
machines-shearing, drawing, spinning, rolling, forging, extrusion.
Types of casting and welding methods. Powder metallurgy and processing
of plastics.
Manufacturing Management :
Methods
and time study, motion economy and work space design, operation and
flow process charts. Cost estimation, break-even analysis. Location and
layout of plants, material handling. Capital budgeting, job shop and
mass production, scheduling, dispatching, Routing, Inventory.
Thermodynamics :
Basic
concepts, definitions and laws, heat, work and temperature, Zeroth law,
temperature scales, behaviour of pure substances, equations of state,
first law and its corollaries, second law and its corollaries. Analysis
of air standard power cycles, Carnot, Otto, diesel, Brayton cycles.
Vapour power cycles, Rankine reheat and regenerative cycles,
Refrigeration cycles-Bell Coleman, Vapour absorption and Vapour
compression cycle analysis, open and closed cycle gas turbine with
intercooling, reheating.
Energy Conversion :
Flow
of steam through nozzles, critical pressure ratio, shock formation and
its effect. Steam Generators, mountings and accessories. Impulse and
reaction turbines, elements and layout of thermal power plants. Hydraulic turbines and pumps, specific speed, layout of hydraulic power plants. Introduction to nuclear reactors and power plants, handling of nuclear waste.
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning :
Refrigeration
equipment and operation and maintenance, refrigerants, principles of
air conditioning, psychrometric chart, comfort zones, humidification
and dehumidification.
Fluid Mechanics :
Hydrostatics,
continuity equation, Bernoulli's theorem, flow through pipes, discharge
measurement, laminar and turbulent flow, boundary layer concept.
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Medical Science
Human Anatomy
General
principles and basic structural concept of gross anatomy of hipjoint,
heart, stomach, lungs, spleen, kidneys, uterus , ovary and adrenal
glands. Histological features of parotid gland, bronchi, testis, skin, bone and thyroid gland. Gross
anatomy of thalamus, internal capsule, cerebrum, including their blood
supply; functional localisation in cerebral cortex, cerebellum, spinal
cord, eye, ear, throat, cranial nerves. Embryology of vertebral column, respiratory system and their congenital anomalies.
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Human physiology and biochemistry :
Neurophysiology: Sensory receptors, reticular formation, cerebellum and basal ganglia. Reproduction: Regulation of functions of male and female gonads. Cardiovascular system: Mechanical and electrical properties of heart including ECG : regulation of cardio-vascular functions. GI System: bilirubin metabolism, liver function tests, Haematology: haemogolobin synthesis, abnormal hemoglobins. Respiration: regulation of respiration, digestion and absorption of fats, metabolism of carbohydrates. Renal Physiology: tubular function, regulation of pH. Nucleic acids: RNA, DNA, genetic code and protein synthesis.
Pathology and Microbiology :
Principles of inflammation, principles of carcinogenesis and tumour
spread, coronary heart disease, infective diseases of liver and gall
bladder, pathogenesis of tuberculosis. Immune
system, immunological and serological tests for collagen vascular
disease. Histological diagnosis by fluroscent microscopy. Etiology and laboratory diagnosis of diseases caused by Salmonella. Vibrio. Meningococcus and hepatitis virus. Life cycle and laboratory diagnosis of Entamoeba histolytica, malarial parasite, ascaros/
Medicine :
Protein energy malnutrition. Medical
management of : Coma, cerebro-vascular accidents, status asthamaticus,
cardio pulmonary arrest, status epilepticus, acute renal failure. Clinical
featues, etiology and treatment of : Coronary heart disease, rheumatic
heart disease, pneumonia, cirrhosis of liver, amoebic liver absess,
peptic ulcer, pycolone-phiritis, leprosy, rheumatoid arthritis,
diabetes mellitus, poliomyelitis, meningitis, schizophrenia.
Surgery :
Principles
of surgical management of severely injured and process of fracture
healing. Malignant tumours of stomach and their surgical management.
Signs, symptoms, investigation and management of fractures of femur,
principles of pre-operative and post-operative care. Clinical
manifestations, investigations and management of : Hydrocephalus,
Buerger's disease, appendicitis, benign prostatic hypertrophy,
spinabifida, brochogenic carcinoma, carcinoma breast, carcinoma colon. Clinical
manifestations, investigations and surgical management of : Intestinal
obstruction, acute urinary retention, spinal injury, haemorrhagic
shock, pneumothorax, pericardial tamponade, haemetemesis.
Preventive and Social Medicine
Principles of epidemiology, health care delivery. Concept
and general principles of prevention of disease and promotion of
health. National health programmes, effects of environmental pollution
on health, concept of balanced diet, family planning methods.
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Philosophy
Section-'A'
Problems of Philosophy
Substance and Attributes : Aristole, Descartes, Locke, Berkeley's criticism, Nyaya-Viasesika, Buddhist criticism of Pudgala. God, Soul and the World : Thomas Acquinas, St. Augustine, Spinoza, Descartes, Nyaya-Vaisesika, Sankara, Ramanuja. Universals : Realism and Nominalism (Plato, Aristotle, Berkeley's criticism of abstract ideas, Nyay-Vaisesika, Buddhism). Bases of Knowledge : Pramanavada in Carvaka, Nyaya-Vaisesika, Buddhism, Advaita Vedanta. Truth
and Error : Correspondence Theory, Coherence theory, Pragmatic Theory;
Khyativada (Anyathakhyati, Akhyati, Anivacaniyakhyati).
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Matter and Mind : Descartes, Spinoza, Leibnitz, Berkerley.
Section-B
Logic
Truth and Validity Classification of sentences : Traditional and Modern. Syllogism : Figures and Moods; Rules of Syllogism (General and special) validation by Venn Diagrames; Formal Fallacies. Sentential Calculus : Symbolisation; Truth-Functions and their interdefinability; Truth Tables; Formal Proof.
Section-'C'
Ethics
Statement of fact and statement of value. Right and Good; Teleology and Deontology. Psychological Hedonism. Utilitarianism (Bentham; J.S. Mill). Kantian Ethics. Problem of the freedom of will. Moral Judgements : Descriptivism, Prescriptivism, Emotivism. Niskamakarma : Sthitaprajna. Jaina Ethics Four Noble Truths and Eight fold path in Buddhism. Gandhian Ethics : Satya, Ahimsa, Ends and Means.
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Physics
1. Mechanics and Waves
Dimensional
analysis. Newton's laws of motion and applications, variable mass
systems, projectiles. Rotational dynamics-kinetic energy, angular
momentum, theorems of moment of intertia and calculations in simple
cases. Conservative forces, frictional forces. Gravitaional potential
and intensity due to spherical objects. Central forces, Kepler's
problem, escape velocity and artificial satellites (including GPS).
Streamline motion, viscosity, Poiseuille's equation. Applications of
Bernoulli's equation and Stokes' law. Special relativity and Lorentz transformation-length contraction, time dilation, mass-energy relation. Simple
harmonic motion, Lissajous figures. Damped oscillation, forced
oscillation and resonance. Beats, Phase and group velocities.
Stationary waves, vibration of strings and air columns, longitudinal
waves in solids. Doppler effect. Ultrasonics and applications.
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2. Geometrical and Physical Optics.
Laws
of reflection and refraction from Fermat's principle. Matrix method in
paraxial optics- thin lens formula, nodal planes, system of two thin
lenses. Chromatic and spherical aberrations. Simple optical
instruments-magnifier, eyepieces, telescopes and microscopes. Huygens'
principle-reflection and refraction of waves. Interference of
light-Young's experiment, Newton's rings, interference by thin films,
Michelson interferometer. Fraunhofer diffraction-single slit, double
slit, diffraction grating, resolving power. Fresnel
diffraction-half-period zones and zone plate. Production and detection
of linearly, circularly and elliptically polarised light. Double
refraction, quarter-waves plates and half-wave plates. Polarizing
sheets. Optical activity and applications. Rayleigh scattering and
applications. Elements of fibre
optics-attenuation; pulse dispersion in step index and parabolic index
fibres; material dispersion. Lasers, characteristics of laser
light-spatial and temporal coherence. Focussing of laser beams and
applciations.
3. Heat and Thermodynamics
Thermal
equilibrium and temperature. The zeroth law of thermodynamics. Heat and
the first law of thermodynamics. Efficiency of Carnot engines. Entropy
and the second law of thermodynamics. Kinetic theory and the equation
of state of an ideal gas. Mean free path, distribution of molecular
speeds and energies. Trasport phenomena. Andrew's experiements-van der
Waals equation and applications. Joule-Kelvin effect and applications.
Brownian motion. Thermodynamic potentials-Maxwell relations. Phase
transitions. Kirchhoff's laws. Black-body radiation-Stefan-Boltzmann
law, spectral radiancy, Wien displacement law, application to the
cosmic microwave background radiation, Planck radiation law.
4. Electricity and Magnetism
Electric
charge, Coulomb's law, electric field, Gauss' law. Electric potential,
van de Graff accelerator. Capacitors, dielectrics and polarization.
Ohm's law, Kirchhoff's first and second rules, resistors in series and
parallel, applications to two-loop circuits. Magnietic field-Gauss'law
for magnetism, atomic and nuclear magnetism, magnetic susceptibility,
classification of magnetic materials. Cirulating charges, cyclotron,
synchrotron. Hall effect. Biot-Savart law, Ampere's law, Faraday's law
of induction., Lenz's law. Inductance. Alternating current circuits-RC,
LR, single-loop LRC circuits, impedance, resonance, power in AC
circuits. Displacement current, Maxwell's equations (MKS units),
electromagnetic waves, energy transport and Poynting vector.
5. Atomic and Nuclear Physics
Photoelectric
effect, Einstein's photon theory. Bohr's theory of hydrogen atom.
Stern-Gerlach experiment, quantisation of angular momentum, electron
spin. Pauli exclusion principle and applications. Zeeman effect. X-ray
spectrum, Bragg's law, Bohr's theory of the Mosley plot. Compton
effect, Compton wavelength. Wave nature of matter, de Broglie
wavelength, wave-particle duality. Heisenberg's uncertainty
relationships. Schroedinger's equation-eigenvalues and eigenfunctions
of (i) particle in a box, (ii) simple harmonic oscillator and (iii)
hydrogen atom. Potential step and barrier penetration. Natural and
artificial radioactivity. Binding energy of nuclei, nuclear fission and
fusion. Classification of elementary particles and their interactions.
6. Electronics
Diodes
in half-waves and full-wave rectification, qualitative ideas of
semiconductors, p type and n type semiconductors, junction diode, Zener
diode, transistors, binary numbers, Logic gates and truth tables,
Elements of microprocessors and computers.
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Political Science
Section-A
Political Science:
Nature & scope of the discipline, relationship with allied
disciplines like History, Economics, Philosophy, Sociology, Psychology. >Meaning of Politics: Approaches to the study of Politics.
Key Concepts: State, Soceity, Sovereignty, Power, Citizenship, Nation, Global order and Imperialism. Political Ideas: Rights, Liberty, Equality, Justice, Rule of Law. Civil Soceity Swaraj, Revolution, Democratic Participation. Democracy: Meaning and Theories of Democracy, Electoral system, Forms of Representation & Participation, Political accountability. Political Ideologies: Liberalism, Neoliberalism, Marxism, Socialism, Fascism, Gandhism.
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Party System and Political Process:
Therories of Party System, National and regional parties, Political
Parties in the Third World. Patterns of coalition politics, interest
and pressure groups. Forms of Government: Parliamentary and Presidential. Federal & unitary Modes of decentralisation. Bureaucracy Concep: Theories, Weber and critiques of Bureaucracy. Theories of Developmen: Meaning and various approaches. Concept and Theories of underdevelopment Debates in the Third World. Social
Movements: Meaning, Theories & Forms, Role of Environmental
Feminist Peasant & workers movements, Role of Non Government
organisation. Nationalism and Internationalism: Major theories of International relations: Realist Marxist, Systems & Decision making & Game theory. State
& the Global order: Neo-Liberalism, globalisation, structural
adjustment, regional economic integration, Nature and Impact of
globalisation.
Section-B
Indian Government and politics
Approaches to the study of Governments: Comparative historical, legal
institutional, political economy and political sociology, approaches. Classification of Political systems: Democratic and Authoritarian, characteristics of Political systems in the third world. Typologies
of constitutions; Basic features of these constitutions &
governments : including U.K., USA. France, Germany, China, and South
Africa. Constitutional development: in India during British Rule-A historical perspective. Constituent Assembly: philosophical and socio-economic dimensions. Salient features of the Indian Constitution.
Nature of Indian federalism: Centre-state relations, legislative,
administrative, financial and political; politics of regional move and
National Integration. Fundamental
Rights: Constitutional provisions and political dynamics. Judicial
Interpretations and socio political realities; Fundamental Duties. The
Union Executive: President, Prime Minister and the Council of
Ministers, Constitutional provisions & framework and political
trends. Parliament: Powers and
functions of the Lok Sabha & Rajya Sabha; Parliamentary Committees;
Functioning of the Parliamentary system in India. The Judiciary The Supreme Court , Judicial Review Judicial Activism, Public Intrest Litigation; Judicial Reforms. The State Executive: Governor, Chief Minister and the Council of Ministers; Constitutional Provisions and Political trends. Indian
Party System: Evolution and Contemporay trends; coalition government at
the Centre and States, pressure groups in Indian politics. The
interaction of Government & Scientific & Technology business :
Previous and now their inter relationship and changing roles in
Society, Elites, Role of Pressure groups class and voluntary
associations in society. Local
Government & Politics : Panchayti Raj and Municipal Government,
structure power & functions. Political realities, significance of
73rd and 74th Amendements, role of women in Panchayats. Bureaucracy
and Development : Post-colonial India; its changing role in the context
of liberatis after, bureauratic Accountability. Challenges to Indian Democracy : Communalism Regionalism violence, criminalisation and corruption. Regional
disparities, environmental degradation, illiteracy, Mass Poverty,
Population, growth, caste oppressions and socio economic inequalities
among backward classes.
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Psychology
1. Introduction to psychology :
2. Methods in Psychology :
3. Quantitive Analysis :
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4. Physiological Psychology :
Structure
of neuron, nerve impulses, synapse and neurotransmitters. Central and
peripheral nervous system-structure and neural control of behaviour.
Hemispheric specialisation. Endocrine system and hormonal control of
behaviour. Application of hemispheric knowledge to diagnostic purposes.
5. Development of human behaviour :
6. Perception :
Preceptual
processes. Perceputal organsiation. Perception of form, colour, depth
and time. Perceptual readiness and constancy. Role of motivation,
social and cultural factors in perception. Application of knowledge of
perception to skill development (e.g. for certain jobs like that of
driving, airline pilots etc.)
7. Learning :
8. Memory :
Physiological
basis of memory. Memory and forgetting. Measurement of memory (Recall,
Recognition, Relearning). Short term and long term memory. Theories of
forgetting (Decay and Interference theories and Repressive forgetting).
Application of Mnemonic devices etc, to improving memory.
9. Cognition and Language :
10. Intelligence and Aptitude :
11. Motivation and Emotion :
Definition
and concept of instinct, needs, drives and motives. Theories of
motivation and their application (drive reduction theory, Maslow's
motivational hierarchy). Social motivation: Achievement, power,
affiliation motives and influence of early experiences. Physiological
basis of emotion. Theories of emotion (James-Lange and Cannon-Brad
theories, cognitive physiological theory).
12. Personality :
Concepts
and Definition of personality. Sutdy of personality (Trait, type and
eclectic approaches) Development of personality (Freud, Erikson,
Biological and socio-cultural determinants). Measurement of Personality
(Projective tests, pencil-paper tests). Application of personality
profiles in fitting a person to a job.
13. Adjustment and Stress :
14. Social Behaviour :
Socio-cultural
factors and behaviour. Development of attitudes, stereotypes and
prejudice, Measurement of Attidutes (Thurstone, Likert attitude scale
and Bogardus Social Distance scale). Strategies for reducing prejudice
and changing atitude. Person perception, implicit personality theory
and integrating impressions. Application of person perception to
impression management.
15. Application of Psychology :
ealth
and mental health (yoga, meditation and relaxation therapies).
Education (Programmed learning,. self instructional learning and
learning styles). Community (self help through group cohesiveness and
leadership). Industry (Assessment centre approach in selection,
recruitment and training). Environment (man-nature interaction,
personal space concept, pollution reduction) Information technology
(Application to commercial, educational and health areas).
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Public Administration
1. Introduction :
2. Basic concepts and principles :
Organisation,
hierarchy, Unity of command, Span of control, Authority and
Responsibility, Co-ordination, Centralization and Decentralization,
Delegation, Supervision, Line and Staff.
3. Theories of Administration :
Scientific
Management (Taylor and the Scientific Managment Movement), Classical
Theory (Fayol, Urwick, Gulick and others) Bureaucratic Theory (Weber
and his critics). Ideas of Mary Parker Follett and C.I. Barnard; Human
Relations School (Elton Mayo and others). Behavioral Approach, Systems
approach.
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4. Administrative Behaviour :
5. Accountability and Control :
6. Administrative Systems :
7. Personnel Administration :
Role
of Civil Service in developing societies; position classification,
Recuritment, Training, Promotion, Pay and Service conditions. Relations
with the Political Executive; Administrative Ethics.
8. Financial Administration :
9. Union Government and Administration in India. British legacy :
Constitutional
context of Indian Administration; The President, Prime Minister and the
Council of Ministers; Central Secretariat; Cabinet Secretariat, Prime
Minister's Office, Planning Commission; Finance Commission; Election
Commission; Comptroller and Auditor-General of India. Public
enterprises: Patterns, role performance and impact of liberalization.
10. Civil Services in India :
11. State and District Administration :
Governor, Chief Minister, Secretariat, Chief Secretary, Directorates, District Collector: changing role.
12. Local Government :
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Sociology
Unit I : Basic Concepts :
Society,
community, association, institution. Culture-culture change, diffusion,
Cultural-tag, Cultural relativism, ethnocentrism, acculturation. Social Groups-primary, secondary and reference groups. Social structure, social system, social action. Status and role, role conflict, role set. Norms and values-conformity and deviance. Law and customs. Socio-cultural processes : socialisation,
assimilation, integration, cooperation, competition, conflict,
accommodation, Social distance, relative deprivation.
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Unit II : Marriage, Family and Kinship :
Marriage : types and norms, marriage as contract, and as a sacrament. Family : types, functions and changes. Kinships : terms and usages, rules of residence, descent, inheritance.
Unit III : Social Stratification :
li>Forms and functions; Caste and Class. Jajmani system, purity and pollution, dominant caste, sanskritisation.
Unit IV : Types of Society :
Unit V : Economy and Society :
Man,
nature and social production, economic systems of simple and complex
societies, non-economic determinants of economic behaviour, market
(free) economy and controlled (planned) economy.
Unit VI : Industrial and Urban Society :
Unit VII : Social Demography :
Population
size, growth, composition, and distribution in India; components of
population growth-births, deaths and migration; causes and consequences
of population growth; population and social development; population
policy.
Unit VIII : Political Processes :
Unit IX : Weaker Sections-and Minorities :
Unit X : Social Change :
Theories
of change; factors of change; science, technology and change. Social
movements-Peasant Movement, Women's Movement, Backward Caste Movement,
Dalit Movement.
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Statistics
Probability
Random
experiment, sample space, event, algebra of events, probability on a
discrete sample space, basic theorems of probability and simple
examples based there on, conditional probability of an event,
independent events, Bayes' theorem and its application, discrete and
continuous random variables and their distributions, expectation,
moments, moment generating function, joint distribution of two or more
random variables, marginal and conditional distributions, independence
of random variables, covariance, correlation, coefficient, distribution
of function of random variables. Bernoulli, binomial, geometric,
negative binomial, hypergeometric, Poisson, multinomial, uniform, beta,
exponential, gamma, Cauchy, normal, longnormal and bivariate normal
distributions, real-life situations where these distributions provide
appropriate models, Chebyshev's inequality, weak law of large numbers
and central limit theorem for independent and identically distributed
random variables with finite variance and their simple applications.
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Statistical Methods
Concept
of a statistical population and a sample, types of data, presentation
and summarization of data, measures of central tendency, dispersion,
skewness and kurtosis, measures of association and contingency,
correlation, rank correlation, intraclass correlation, correlation
ratio, simple and multiple linear regression, multiple and partial
correlations (involving three variables only), curve-fitting and
principle of least squares, concepts of random sample, parameter and
statistic, Z, X2, t and F statistics and their properties and
applications, distributions of sample range and median (for continuous
distributions only), censored sampling (concept and illustrations).
Statistical Inference
Unbiasedness,
consistency, efficiency, sufficiency, Completeness, minimum variance
unbiased estimation, Rao-Blackwell theorem, Lehmann-Scheffe theorem,
Cramer-Rao inequality and minimum variance bound estimator, moments,
maximum likelihood, least squares and minimum chisquare methods of
estimation, properties of maximum likelihood and other estimators, idea
of a random interval, confidence intervals for the paramters of
standard distributions, shortest confidence intervals, large-sample
confidence intervals. Simple
and composite hypotheses, two kinds of errors, level of significance,
size and power of a test, desirable properties of a good test, most
powerful test, Neyman-Pearson lemma and its use in simple example,
uniformly most powerful test, likelihood ratio test and its properties
and applications. Chi-square
test, sign test, Wald-Wolfowitz runs test, run test for randomness,
median test, Wilcoxon test and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test. Wal's sequential probability ratio test, OC and ASN functions, application to binomial and normal distributions. Loss function, risk function, minimax and Bayes rules.
Sampling Theory and Design of Experiments
Complete
enumeration vs. sampling, need for sampling, basic concepts in
sampling, designing large-scale sample surveys, sampling and
non-sampling errors, simple random sampling, properties of a good
estimator, estimation of sample size, stratified random sampling,
systematic sampling, cluster sampling, ratio and regression methods of
estimaton under simple and stratified random sampling, double sampling
for ratio and regression methods of estimation, two-stage sampling with
equal-size first-stage units. Analysis
of variance with equal number of observations per cell in one, two and
three-way classifications, analysis of covariance in one and two-way
classifications, basic priniciples of experimental designs, completely
randomized design, randomized block design, latin square design,
missing plot technique, 2n factorial design, total and partial
confounding, 32 factorial experiments, split-plot design and balanced
incomplete block design.
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Zoology
I. Cell structure and function:
Prokaryote and eukaryote. Structure of animal cell, structure and functions of cell organelles. Cell cycle-mitosis, meiosis. Structure and contents of nucleus including nuclear membrane, structure of chromsome and gene, chemistry of genetic components. Mendel's laws of inheritance, linkage and genetic recombination; cytoplasmic inheritance. Function
of gene: replication, transcription and translation; mutations
(spontaneous and artificial); Recombinant DNA: principle and
application. sex determination in Drosophila and man; sex linkage in man.
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II. Systematics :
Classification
of non-chordates (up to sub-classes) and chordates (up to orders)
giving general features and evolutionary relationship of the following
phyla:
Protozoa, Porifera, Coelenterata,
Platyhelminthes, Nematheliminthes, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca,
Echinodermata, Minor Phyla (Bryozoa, Phoronida and Chaetognatha) and
Hemichordata. Structure reprodcution and life history of the following types:
Amoeba,
Monocystis, Plasmodium, Paramaecium, Sycon, Hydra, Obelia, Fasciola,
Taenia, Ascaris, Neanthes, Pheretima, Hirudinia, Palaemon, Buthus,
Periplaneta, Lamellidens, Pila, Asterias and Balanoglossus. Classification of chordates (up to orders), giving general features and evolutionary relationship of the following:
Protochordata; Agnatha; Gnathostomata-Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammalia. Comparative
functional anatomy of the following based on type animals (Scoliodon,
Rana, Calotes, Columba and Oryctolagus): integrument and its
derivatives, endoskeleton, digestive system, respiratory system,
circulatory system including heart and aortic arches, urinogenital
system; brain and sense organs (eye and ear); endocrine glands and
other hormone producing structures, (Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid,
adrenal, pancreas, gonads) their function.
III. Vertebrate Physiology and Biochemistry :
Chemical
composition of protoplasm; nature and function of enzymes; vitamins,
their sources and role; colloids and hydrogen ion concentration;
biological oxidation, electron trasport and role of ATP, enegetics,
glycolysis, citric acid cycle; vertebrate hormones: their type, sources
and fucntions; pheromones and their role. Neuron
and nerve impulse-conduction and transmission across synapses;
neurotrasmitters and their role, including acetyl cholinesterase
activity. Homeostasis; osmoregulation; active transport and ion pump. Composition of carbohydrates, fats, lipids and proteins; steroids.
IV. Embryology :
Gametogenesis, fertilization, cleavage; gastrulation in frog and chick Metamorphosis
in frog and retrogressive metamorphosis in ascidian; extra-embryonic
membranes in chick and mammal; placentation in mamals; Biogenetic law.
V. Evolution :
Origin of life; principles, theories and evidences of evolution; species concept. Zoogeographical realms, insular fauna; geological eras. Evolution of man; evolutionary status of man.
VI. Ecology, Wildlife and Ethology :
Abiotic
and biotic factors; concept of ecosystem, food chain and energy flow;
adaptation of aquatic, terrestrial and aerial fauna; intra-and
inter-specific animal relationships; environmental pollution: Types,
sources, causes, control and prevention. Wildlife of India; endangered species of India; sanctuaries and national parks of India. Biological rhythms.
VII. Economic Zoology :
Beneficial and harmful insects including insect vectors of human diseases. Industrial fish, prawn and molluscs of India. Non-poisonous and poisonous snakes of India. Venomous animals-centipede, wasp, honey bee. Diseases causd by aberrant chromosomes/genes in man; genetic counselling; DNA as a tool for forensic investigation.
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